Specific immunotherapies, such as vaccines(whole cell recombinant, peptide, and dendritic cell vaccines), adoptive cell therapy and immunotherapy targeting tumor stem cells, have the role of activating antitumor immune responses. In the future, treatments will likely include personalized medicine, tailored for numerous molecular therapeutic targets of multiple pathogenetic ALK抑制剂 pathways.
目的探讨环巴胺靶向抑制Shh信号对乳腺癌细胞增殖、凋亡以及Survivin表达的影响。方法采用荧光定量PCR法检测乳腺癌组织及癌旁正常组织中Shh、PTCH1及GLi1的表达,MTT法检测不同浓度环巴胺对人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7增殖抑制的影响,流式细胞术检测环巴胺对MCF-7细胞凋亡的影响,Western blot检测环巴胺处理前后MCF-7细胞GLi1和Survivin的表达。结果 Shh、PTCH1及GLi1在乳腺癌组织中均呈高表达;不同浓度环巴胺均可抑制MCF-7细胞增殖并诱导其凋亡;环巴胺处理后GLi1和Survivin的表达均降低。结论 Shh信号在乳腺癌组织中呈激活状态,靶向抑制Shh信号可抑制乳腺癌细胞增殖并诱导其凋亡,其可能通过抑制Survivin表达发挥作用。
胰腺癌干细胞在胰腺癌的发生发展过程中起着很关键的作用。最近不断有报道证实针对肿瘤干细胞的治疗可以明显减弱肿瘤干细胞的信号传导。因此胰腺癌干细胞靶向治疗药物可以明显改善胰腺癌患者的预后。现对胰腺癌干细胞靶向治疗的进展作一综述。
肿瘤干细胞是肿瘤组织内具有自我更新能力及无限增殖潜能的一群细胞,对外源细胞毒性药物耐受。卵巢癌肿瘤干细胞在卵巢癌发生、化疗耐药和复发过程中起重要作用。传统治疗对减小肿瘤体积有效,但是治疗后残留的卵巢癌干细胞成为卵巢癌复发和难治的根源,针对卵巢癌肿瘤干细胞的靶向治疗可能在抗卵巢癌治疗中具有重要作用,为临床彻底治愈卵巢癌带来希望。
小细胞肺癌的药物治疗仍面临很大的挑战。局限期小细胞肺癌的标准治疗方案为基于铂类药物的化疗方案联合胸部放疗和预防性全脑放疗。对广泛期小细胞肺癌,化疗仍然是主要的治疗方法,必要时还可进行局部放疗。随着新型化疗药物、分子靶向药物和免疫调节剂的不断涌现,小细胞肺癌药物治疗有了更多的实际选择,但治疗结果迄今并未获得实质性的进步,有待今后进一步的深入研究。
Introduction:Few

data have been published comparing early-phase trials for lung cancer between China and the United States(US).This study was to investigate the differences of phase 1 trials for lung cancer between these two countries.Methods:In 2014,a cross-sectional C59 wnt制造商 survey was conducted to compare phase 1 trials for lung cancer between the Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute(GLCI),the University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center(UWCCC),and the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center(MDACC).Results:We found that the GLCI had a lower percentage of phase 1 lung cancer trials than the MDACC in December2014(23.8%[5/21]vs.59.8%[28/47],P

= 0.006) and the UWCCC in September 2014(16.7%[3/18]vs.34.8%[8/23],P = 0.345).Descriptive analyses were performed for early-phase trials conducted by the CancerTherapy Evaluation Program at the National Cancer Institute(CTEP/NCI),the MDACC,and the Chinese Thoracic Oncology Group(CTONG).There were 149 ongoing early-phase U0126 trials in the Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics(Phase 1 program) at the MDACC in October 2014.In contrast,no phase 1 trials had been initiated by the CTONG since its establishment in 2007.Conclusions:These data suggest that a significantly higher percentage of phase 1 trials for lung cancer were conducted in the US than in China.Early-phase oncology trials with robust preclinical data had a higher chance of being approved by the Investigational Drug Branch at the CTEP/NCI.Given the importance of early-phase oncology trials in developing innovative cancer medicines,such studies should be highly encouraged and strategically funded in China.